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Update KERNEL.md

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KERNEL.md
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@ -6,6 +6,25 @@ Compiling a kernel has the advantage to make it as minimal and featureful as you
* Have a distro in a Live CD or USB at hand just in case. * Have a distro in a Live CD or USB at hand just in case.
* Give yourself a cup of tea or coffee while you wait to compile. * Give yourself a cup of tea or coffee while you wait to compile.
1. [PREPARATIONS](#preparations)
1. [GETTING THE KERNEL SOURCE](#getting-the-kernel-source)
1. [OPTIONAL](#optional)
1. [DOWNLOAD THE KERNEL SOURCE](#download-the-kernel-source)
1. [GENERATING A CONFIGURATION FILE](#generation-a-configuration-file)
1. [CHANGING THE CONFIGURATION (OPTIONAL)](#changing-the-configuration-optional)
1. [COMPILATION](#compilation)
1. [OPTION A: One command](#option-a-one-command)
1. [OPTION B: One by one](#option-b-one-by-one)
1. [BUILD MODULES](#build-modules)
1. [INITRD](#initrd)
1. [MODULES](#modules)
1. [COMPILE A SINGLE MODULE](#compile-a-single-module)
1. [DKMS](#dkms)
1. [KERNEL PATCH](#kernel-patch)
1. [OPTION 1: Git](#option-1-git)
1. [OPTION 2: Patch command](#option-2-patch-command)
1. [OPTION 3: Patch with zcat](#option-2-patch-with-zcat)
## PREPARATIONS ## PREPARATIONS
* To see which version the new kernel source is. * To see which version the new kernel source is.
`head /usr/src/linux/Makefile` `head /usr/src/linux/Makefile`
@ -25,7 +44,8 @@ Is standard to download Linux sources under __/usr/src/__, to link the downloade
`cd /usr/src/` `cd /usr/src/`
`ln -s linux-<VERSION_NUMBER> linux` `ln -s linux-<VERSION_NUMBER> linux`
### Download the latest kernel from kernel.org ### DOWNLOAD THE KERNEL SOURCE
Get latest kernel from kernel.org
* Get tarball. * Get tarball.
`wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable-rc.git/snapshot/linux-stable-rc-<VERSION>.tar.gz` `wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable-rc.git/snapshot/linux-stable-rc-<VERSION>.tar.gz`
* Uncompress. * Uncompress.
@ -108,11 +128,11 @@ Compile and move everything to its place. The "__all__" flag makes modules AND t
__NOTE__: The __vmlinuz__ can be any name but that exact name has to be added to the configuration file of your bootloader of choice. Usually a version number is appended to the new kernel image. This has the advantage to avoid replacing a current kernel and having a fallback as backup to boot. You can set to boot from any image in the bootloader once you configure them in the bootloader. __NOTE__: The __vmlinuz__ can be any name but that exact name has to be added to the configuration file of your bootloader of choice. Usually a version number is appended to the new kernel image. This has the advantage to avoid replacing a current kernel and having a fallback as backup to boot. You can set to boot from any image in the bootloader once you configure them in the bootloader.
## INITRD ## INITRD
* The __initrd__ is used only while booting, unless you compile the kernel with the filesystem it resides on (__initfs__) The __initrd__ is used only while booting, unless you compile the kernel with the filesystem it resides on (__initfs__). There are three options.
* OPTION 1: Compile the kernel with support for the filesystem used in the __/boot__ partition (__initfs__). * __OPTION 1__: Compile the kernel with support for the filesystem used in the __/boot__ partition (__initfs__).
* OPTION 2: Use __mkinitrd__. * __OPTION 2__: Use __mkinitrd__.
`mkinitrd -o /boot/initrd.img` `mkinitrd -o /boot/initrd.img`
* OPTION 3: Use __initramfs__. * __OPTION 3__: Use __initramfs__.
`update-initramfs -u` `update-initramfs -u`
@ -183,8 +203,8 @@ Git can be used to fallback from the patch and revert to the upatched source.
* The __-p__ flag specifies a number of leading directories to remove, location is at the top of the patch file filename and is relative to the current directory. * The __-p__ flag specifies a number of leading directories to remove, location is at the top of the patch file filename and is relative to the current directory.
`patch -p1 < <PATCH_FILE>` `patch -p1 < <PATCH_FILE>`
### OPTION 3: Patch with __zcat__ to use the uncrompressed file directly. ### OPTION 3: Patch with zcat
To use the uncrompressed file directly.
`zcat <PATCH_FILE>.gz | patch -p1` `zcat <PATCH_FILE>.gz | patch -p1`
Compile kernel with the patch now included. Compile kernel with the patch now included.