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@ -2,20 +2,21 @@
Set xorg and a desktop environment fast. Set xorg and a desktop environment fast.
1. [INSTALLING X](#installing-x) 1. [INSTALLING X](#installing-x)
2. [NO DE](#no-de) 2. [CONFIGURING X](#configuring-x)
2.1. [XINITRC CONFIGURATION FILE](#xinitrc-configuration-file) 2.1. [SCREEN TEARING](#screen-tearing)
2.2. [LAUNCH X](#launch-x) 3. [NO DE](#no-de)
2.3. [LAUNCH X AT LOGIN](#launch-x-at-login) 3.1. [XINITRC CONFIGURATION FILE](#xinitrc-configuration-file)
3. [RATPOISON](#ratpoison) 3.2. [LAUNCH X](#launch-x)
3.1. [BASIC SHORTCUTS](#basic-shortcuts) 3.3. [LAUNCH X AT LOGIN](#launch-x-at-login)
3.2. [RATPOISONRC CONFIGURATION FILE](#ratpoisonrc-configuration-file)
4. [XBINDKEYS](#xbindkeys) 4. [XBINDKEYS](#xbindkeys)
4.1. [GETTING KEYS INFORMATION](#getting-keys-information) 4.1. [GETTING KEYS INFORMATION](#getting-keys-information)
4.2. [XBINDKEYSRC CONFIGURATION FILE](#xbindkeysrc-configuration-file) 4.2. [XBINDKEYSRC CONFIGURATION FILE](#xbindkeysrc-configuration-file)
5. [TERMINAL EMULATOR](terminal-emulator) 5. [TERMINAL EMULATOR](terminal-emulator)
6. [CLIPBOARD](#clipboard) 6. [CLIPBOARD](#clipboard)
6.1. [CLIPBOARD BINDINGS](#clipboard-bindings) 6.1. [CLIPBOARD BINDINGS](#clipboard-bindings)
7. [SCREEN TEARING](#screen-tearing) 7. [RATPOISON](#ratpoison)
7.1. [BASIC SHORTCUTS](#basic-shortcuts)
7.2. [RATPOISONRC CONFIGURATION FILE](#ratpoisonrc-configuration-file)
## INSTALLING X ## INSTALLING X
Generally it can be installed from the live _CD or DVD_ or afterwards with the package manager. For example on __CRUX__: Generally it can be installed from the live _CD or DVD_ or afterwards with the package manager. For example on __CRUX__:
@ -23,8 +24,50 @@ Generally it can be installed from the live _CD or DVD_ or afterwards with the p
`prtget depinst xorg-server xorg-xf86-video-<DRIVER> xorg-font-util xkeyboard-config xorg-xinit` `prtget depinst xorg-server xorg-xf86-video-<DRIVER> xorg-font-util xkeyboard-config xorg-xinit`
* Alternatively just install the metapackage _"xorg"_ * Alternatively just install the metapackage _"xorg"_
## CONFIGURING X
__X__ can be configured for several things. You can generate a configuration which will appear on your home directory and change it later.
* Create a new configuration file "xorg.conf.new"
`Xorg -configure`
* change it to "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"
`mv /path/to/xorg.conf.new /etc/X11/xorg.conf`
* on other X versions the commands are
`XFree86 -configure`
`XFree86 -xf86config /etc/X11/XF86Config.new`
### SCREEN TEARING
To solve screen tearing you can use any of these config files in its appropriate directory.
* In the case you have Intel add these to _"/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf"_:
```
Section "Device"
Identifier "Intel Graphics"
Driver "intel"
Option "TearFree" "true"
EndSection
```
* In the case you have AMD add these to _"/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amdgpu.conf_":
```
Section "Device"
Identifier "AMD Graphics"
Driver "amdgpu"
Option "TearFree" "true"
EndSection
```
* Another way to add changes is in the _"/etc/X11/xorg.conf"_ file:
```
Section "Device"
Identifier "Intel Graphics"
Driver "intel"
Option "AccelMethod" "uxa"
Option "TearFree" "true"
EndSection
```
## NO DE ## NO DE
To use a window manager without any desktop environment, or even a login manager, you can just install the applications mentioned here and edit the _".xinitrc"_ file with the appropriate changes and start _"X"_ from the terminal. The required applications are: To use a window manager without any desktop environment, or even a login manager, you can just install the applications mentioned here and edit the _".xinitrc"_ file with the appropriate changes and start _"X"_ from the command line. The required applications are:
* Ratpoison (or your preferred window manager in the _".xinitrc"_ file) * Ratpoison (or your preferred window manager in the _".xinitrc"_ file)
* Xbindkeys * Xbindkeys
* hsetroot or imagemagick (or replace with your preferred wallpaper changer in the _".xinitrc"_ file) * hsetroot or imagemagick (or replace with your preferred wallpaper changer in the _".xinitrc"_ file)
@ -66,113 +109,6 @@ fi
``` ```
This will automatically launch _"X"_ at the first _"tty"_ (_"virtual terminal"_). If you are confused, to switch between ttys press _"Ctrl-Alt-F\<X>"_ (where _"\<X>_" is a number). So to change to the tty with xorg you'll press _"Ctrl-Alt-F1"_. This will automatically launch _"X"_ at the first _"tty"_ (_"virtual terminal"_). If you are confused, to switch between ttys press _"Ctrl-Alt-F\<X>"_ (where _"\<X>_" is a number). So to change to the tty with xorg you'll press _"Ctrl-Alt-F1"_.
## RATPOISON
Productive, automated, scriptable, and minimal, Ratpoison is a strict tiling window manager using bindings similar to GNU Screen. A few of its benefits are.
* No mouse used, all done by commands called by typing _"control"_ and _"t"_ at the same time, plus another key.
* You can set your own bindings in the file _".ratpoisonrc"_ which is extremely friendly.
* Extensible by scripts. The _"rpws"_ script for example adds multiple workspaces (comes by default), another script (_"expose.pl"_) gives a mozaic of current windows.
* Full manual available from the terminal:
`info ratpoison`
* Can temporarily switch to another window manager with the _"tmpwm"_ command for your comfort.
### BASIC SHORTCUTS
* Show the help cheatsheet:
`Ctrl-t + ?`
* Bring an application menu:
`Ctrl-t + .`
* Get time and date:
`Ctrl-t + a`
* Clear screen from help cheatsheet or menu:
`Esc`
* Show open windows:
`Ctrl-t + w`
* Close a window:
`Ctrl-t + k`
* Swith back between windows:
`Ctrl-t + Ctrl-t`
* Go to next window:
`Ctrl-t + n`
`Ctrl-t + Space`
* Go to previous window:
`Ctrl-t + p`
* Split screen vertically:
`Ctrl-t + s`
* Split screen horizontally:
`Ctrl-t + S`
* Go to next frame:
`Ctrl-t + Tab`
* Go to previous frame:
`Ctrl-t + Alt-Tab`
* Make a window the only one visible:
`Ctrl-t + Q`
### RATPOISONRC CONFIGURATION FILE
The next custom _".ratpoisonrc"_ file goes under your home directory and can be customized to your needs:
```
# text editor
bind e exec gjots2
bind E exec xterm -e elvis
# web browser
bind y exec icecat
# highlight an url in a window and the url is opened in a new tab
bind Y exec icecat -new-tab `$RATPOISON -c getsel`
# MOC as a music player, alsamixer as volume control
bind o exec xterm -e mocp
bind O exec xterm -e alsamixer
# file manager
bind d exec spacefm
bind D exec xterm -e vifm
# mail
bind g exec xterm -e mutt
# IRC
bind h exec xterm -e irssi
# RSS
bind j exec liferea
bind J exec xterm -e newsbeuter
# password manager
bind z exec xterm -e kpcli
# looks for the JDownloader program under the designated path
bind Z exec ~/jd2/JDownloader2
# expose-like switch window by using "Ctrl-t + ,". Get the script from http://ratpoison.wxcvbn.org/cgi-bin/wiki.pl/expose.pl
bind comma exec ~/bin/expose.pl
# as colon invoke ratpoison commands, semicolon invoke shell commands ("Ctrl-t + ;")
bind semicolon exec
# no startup message announcing what the prefix keys are
startup_message off
# change font, color and position for messages
set font "Fixed-11"
set fgcolor gray
set bgcolor black
set bargravity c
# normal cursor
exec xsetroot -cursor_name left_ptr
# fix java swing, needs wmname from suckless
exec wmname LG3D
# multiple workspaces by using "Alt + FX" (where "FX" is from F1 to F4), needs rpws script
exec rpws init 4 -k
# get rid of the one pixel border around windows
set border 0
```
## XBINDKEYS ## XBINDKEYS
Custom keys can be added with the Xbindkeys program. Custom keys can be added with the Xbindkeys program.
@ -298,33 +234,109 @@ bindkey -m ' ' eval 'stuff \040' 'writebuf' 'exec sh -c "xsel -ib < /tmp/screen-
bind b eval 'exec sh -c "xsel -ob > /tmp/screen-exchange && screen -X readbuf"' bind b eval 'exec sh -c "xsel -ob > /tmp/screen-exchange && screen -X readbuf"'
``` ```
## SCREEN TEARING ## RATPOISON
To solve screen tearing you can use any of these config files in its appropriate directory. Productive, automated, scriptable, and minimal, Ratpoison is a strict tiling window manager using bindings similar to GNU Screen. A few of its benefits are.
* No mouse used, all done by commands called by typing _"control"_ and _"t"_ at the same time, plus another key.
* You can set your own bindings in the file _".ratpoisonrc"_ which is extremely friendly.
* Extensible by scripts. The _"rpws"_ script for example adds multiple workspaces (comes by default), another script (_"expose.pl"_) gives a mozaic of current windows.
* Full manual available from the terminal:
`info ratpoison`
* Can temporarily switch to another window manager with the _"tmpwm"_ command for your comfort.
* In the case you have Intel add these to _"/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf"_: ### BASIC SHORTCUTS
``` * Show the help cheatsheet:
Section "Device" `Ctrl-t + ?`
Identifier "Intel Graphics" * Bring an application menu:
Driver "intel" `Ctrl-t + .`
Option "TearFree" "true" * Get time and date:
EndSection `Ctrl-t + a`
``` * Clear screen from help cheatsheet or menu:
`Esc`
* In the case you have AMD add these to _"/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amdgpu.conf_": * Show open windows:
``` `Ctrl-t + w`
Section "Device" * Close a window:
Identifier "AMD Graphics" `Ctrl-t + k`
Driver "amdgpu" * Swith back between windows:
Option "TearFree" "true" `Ctrl-t + Ctrl-t`
EndSection * Go to next window:
``` `Ctrl-t + n`
`Ctrl-t + Space`
* Go to previous window:
`Ctrl-t + p`
* Another way to add changes is in the _"/etc/X11/xorg.conf"_ file:
* Split screen vertically:
`Ctrl-t + s`
* Split screen horizontally:
`Ctrl-t + S`
* Go to next frame:
`Ctrl-t + Tab`
* Go to previous frame:
`Ctrl-t + Alt-Tab`
* Make a window the only one visible:
`Ctrl-t + Q`
### RATPOISONRC CONFIGURATION FILE
The next custom _".ratpoisonrc"_ file goes under your home directory and can be customized to your needs:
``` ```
Section "Device" # text editor
Identifier "Intel Graphics" bind e exec gjots2
Driver "intel" bind E exec xterm -e elvis
Option "AccelMethod" "uxa"
Option "TearFree" "true" # web browser
EndSection bind y exec icecat
# highlight an url in a window and the url is opened in a new tab
bind Y exec icecat -new-tab `$RATPOISON -c getsel`
# MOC as a music player, alsamixer as volume control
bind o exec xterm -e mocp
bind O exec xterm -e alsamixer
# file manager
bind d exec spacefm
bind D exec xterm -e vifm
# mail
bind g exec xterm -e mutt
# IRC
bind h exec xterm -e irssi
# RSS
bind j exec liferea
bind J exec xterm -e newsbeuter
# password manager
bind z exec xterm -e kpcli
# looks for the JDownloader program under the designated path
bind Z exec ~/jd2/JDownloader2
# expose-like switch window by using "Ctrl-t + ,". Get the script from http://ratpoison.wxcvbn.org/cgi-bin/wiki.pl/expose.pl
bind comma exec ~/bin/expose.pl
# as colon invoke ratpoison commands, semicolon invoke shell commands ("Ctrl-t + ;")
bind semicolon exec
# no startup message announcing what the prefix keys are
startup_message off
# change font, color and position for messages
set font "Fixed-11"
set fgcolor gray
set bgcolor black
set bargravity c
# normal cursor
exec xsetroot -cursor_name left_ptr
# fix java swing, needs wmname from suckless
exec wmname LG3D
# multiple workspaces by using "Alt + FX" (where "FX" is from F1 to F4), needs rpws script
exec rpws init 4 -k
# get rid of the one pixel border around windows
set border 0
``` ```