Initiation Rite

This guide is for those wanting one of the two most beautiful source based distros, either CRUX or Source Mage GNU/Linux. It was written so it can be used by both, only diverging on particular details.

CRUX: A ports based, BSD style init scripts, distro following true KISS principles (Keep It Simple).
Source Mage GNU/Linux: Without 3rd party patches, sensible defaults or masked packages, free from obfuscated and pre-configured code, use clean dependencies as they came from upstream developers and can also use flags.

NOTE: This guide attempts to describe UEFI in detail side by side with BIOS. Also describes dualbooting (and triple booting) with the bootloader. If you feel overwhelmed for the amount of information don't be afraid, most of it is OPTIONAL, like password protection of the bootloader and the different filesystems the bootloaders can use.

START

Boot in UEFI mode if on UEFI, BIOS if on BIOS, and select installation media.

Make sure your network is up (OPTIONAL)
dhcpcd <NIC>
Temporarily change keyboard (available configurations can be found in the directories "/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/" for CRUX and "/usr/share/keymaps/i386/qwerty" for Source Mage GNU/Linux)
loadkeys <KEYMAP>

PARTITIONING

In these examples we make only two partitions but you can extend this if you know how. The partitions are one root partition, later mounted to "/mnt/drive" with "mkfs.<ROOT_FILESYSTEM>" format, and one boot partition, later mounted to "/mnt/drive/boot" and with "mkfs.<BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM>" format unless is UEFI in which case "mkfs.vfat" is the only format available and will be mounted to "/mnt/drive/boot/efi" instead.

Use parted
parted /dev/sda
Inside parted, if on UEFI label the disk "gpt", but if on BIOS label it "msdos"
mklabel <LABEL>
unit mb
mkpart primary 0g 128
mkpart primary 128 -1
toggle 1 boot
p free
quit
Make root filesystem according to your personal preference
mkfs.<ROOT_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sda2
mkdir /mnt/drive
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/drive
Make boot filesystem according to supported bootloader or just "mkfs.vfat" if on UEFI
mkfs.<BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sda1
If on BIOS make directory and mount
mkdir /mnt/drive/boot
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/drive/boot
If on UEFI make directory and mount
mkdir -p /mnt/drive/boot/efi
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/drive/boot/efi
Mount everything else
mkdir -p /mnt/drive/{dev,sys,proc,tmp,usr/src,var}
cd /mnt/drive
mount --bind /dev /mnt/drive/dev
mount --bind /tmp /mnt/drive/tmp
mount --bind /sys /mnt/drive/sys
mount -t proc none /mnt/drive/proc
mount -t devpts none /mnt/drive/dev/pts

SETUP

On CRUX run "setup", and if on UEFI select on setup grub2-efi (if using GRUB 2), efibootmgr, and elfutils from opt (only select core, and say yes when you're asked if you want to select individual packages). And if you are not using LILO de-select it from core.
On Source Mage GNU/Linux get the tarball
cd /mnt/drive
wget -c "http://download.sourcemage.org/image/official/smgl-stable-<version>-basesystem-x86_64.<compression>"
tar xvf smgl-stable-<version>-basesystem-x86_64.<compression>

CHROOT

Chroot specifying Bash in case live media has another shell
chroot /mnt/drive /bin/bash
Change root password in chroot (TEST IF YOUR KEYBOARD HAS ALL THE CORRECT MAPPINGS before you change the password)
passwd root

CHANGE NETWORK INTERFACES

On CRUX modify "/etc/rc.d/net" with the rules you want (IP, gateway, domain, etc)
On Source Mage GNU/Linux add preferred interfaces to "/etc/network/interfaces" for example
auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
On the "/etc/resolv.conf.head" file set your preferred DNS provider (this example is from OpenNIC)
nameserver 193.41.79.236
Or copy "/etc/resolv.conf" to "/mnt/etc/resolv.conf" BEFORE chrooting

EDIT FSTAB

Change the "/etc/fstab" file with appropriate filesystems
/dev/sda1 /boot <BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> defaults 0 2
/dev/sda2 / <ROOT_FILESYSTEM> noatime 0 1
On CRUX uncomment the lines referring to devpts, tmp, and shm as some programs require it (Firefox), also USB and or cdrom if using those
If on UEFI replace "/boot" with "/boot/efi"

SET THE ENVIRONMENT

On CRUX change the font, keyboard, timezone, hostname and services on the "/etc/rc.conf" file
ls /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/
On Source Mage GNU/Linux change keymaps on the "/etc/sysconfig/keymap" file
ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386/qwerty
On CRUX generate locales (change interface language)
localedef -i <LOCALE> -f ISO-<CODE> <LOCALE>
On Source Mage GNU/Linux generate locales (change interface language)
cast -r locale

KERNEL

Next are simple examples of compiling the kernel, for a more in depth view see https://github.com/mayfrost/guides/blob/master/KERNEL.md

On CRUX
cd /usr/src/linux-<VERSION>
make all modules_install install
On Source Mage GNU/Linux (OPTIONAL)
cast -r linux

BOOTLOADER

Next is a simple example of setting the bootloader, for a more in depth view see https://github.com/mayfrost/guides/blob/master/BOOTLOADER.md

The drive where bootloaders and OSes are installed on these examples is "/dev/sda", but could be anywhere.
The bootloader installation IS inside chroot AND with drives mounted, so this guide assumes you are inside "/mnt/drive".
"<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO>", "<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS>" and "<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS>" are just the numbers of partitions.
The "vmlinuz" file makes reference to the kernel image, you can rename it or simlink to it in all cases, the only rule is you have to make sure the name is referenced correctly in the bootloader. By default it can have names like "vmlinuz-linux", "vmlinuz-<KERNEL_VERSION>" and so on. The same with "initramfs.img", it can be "initramfs-<KERNEL_VERSION>.img" and such.
All bootloader examples have included other OS inside what is called "stanzas".
FreeDOS and Windows stanzas are OPTIONAL.
If dualbooting with Windows remember that it likes to be in the first partition.
If on UEFI check if module is loaded by issuing "modprobe efivars".
On CRUX do "prt-get remove lilo" if you dont use LILO.
On Source Mage GNU/Linux do "cast <BOOTLOADER>" to install the preferred bootloader.

LILO

If on UEFI use elilo and change names to "/etc/elilo.conf" instead of "/etc/lilo.conf" and "elilo" instead of "lilo" in commands
nano /etc/lilo.conf
Inserting "password=<PASSWORD>" inside an OS stanza will protect with a password that OS, but inserting "password=<PASSWORD>" just before the stanzas and outside any of them will protect with a password the bootloader itself (notice the space inside stanzas)
boot = /dev/sda
image = /boot/vmlinuz
Label = <DISTRO_NAME>
root = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO>
other = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS>
table = /dev/sda
Label = FreeDOS
other = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS>
table = /dev/sda
Label = Windows7
Set boot entry
lilo -A /dev/sda 1
lilo
Prevent anyone but root of reading the config file (in case you used a password)
chmod 600 /etc/lilo.conf

THE END

Exit the chroot
exit
Shutdown the machine
shutdown -h now

And done. For more information on both distros see https://github.com/mayfrost/guides/blob/master/DISTROS.md

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