mayfrost-guides/Initiation Rite.md

Initiation Rite

This guide is for those who want to install either CRUX or Source Mage GNU/Linux. It was written so it can be used by both, only diverging on the particular details.

• CRUX: A ports based, BSD style init scripts, distro following true KISS principles (Keep It Simple, Stupid).
• Source Mage GNU/Linux: Without 3rd party patches, sensible defaults or masked packages, free from obfuscated and pre-configured code, use clean dependencies as they came from upstream developers and can also use flags.

== START Boot in UEFI mode if on UEFI, BIOS if on BIOS, and select installation media.

Make sure your network is up (OPTIONAL)

{{{dhcpcd }}}

Temporarily change keyboard (available configurations can be found in /usr/share/keymaps/i386/qwerty)

{{{loadkeys }}}

== PARTITIONING Supported filesystems by bootloaders are (if on UEFI ignore this as it only supports FAT):

• LILO: indifferent (anything?)
• SYSLINUX: ext2, ext3, ext4, btrfs, ufs 1/2, FAT16, FAT32, iso9660, udf, NTFS
• GRUB Legacy: FAT16, FAT32, minix, ext2, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS, VSTa fs, Btrfs
• GRUB 2: ext2, ext3, ext4, btrfs, zfs, ufs, minix, iso9660, udf, jfs, hfs, hfs+, afs, affs, sfs, xfs, reiserfs, tar, cpio, NTFS, FAT16, FAT32

In these examples we make only two partitions but you can extend this if you know how. The partitions are one root partition, later mounted to /mnt/drive format with mkfs.<ROOT_FILESYSTEM>, and one boot partition, later mounted to /mnt/drive/boot and format with mkfs.<BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> unless is UEFI in which case mkfs.vfat is the only format available and will be mounted to /mnt/drive/boot/efi.

Use parted

parted /dev/sda

Inside parted, if on UEFI label the disk "gpt", but if on BIOS label it "msdos"

mklabel <LABEL> unit mb mkpart primary 0g 128 mkpart primary 128 -1 toggle 1 boot p free quit

Make boot filesystem according to supported bootloader or just "mkfs.vfat" if on UEFI

mkfs.<BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sda1

Make root filesystem according to your personal preference

mkfs.<ROOT_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sda2 mkdir /mnt/drive mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/drive

If on BIOS

mkdir /mnt/drive/boot mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/drive/boot

If on UEFI

mkdir -p /mnt/drive/boot/efi mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/drive/boot/efi cd /mnt/drive mount --bind /dev /mnt/drive/dev mount --bind /sys /mnt/drive/sys mount -t proc none /mnt/drive/proc mount -t devpts none /mnt/drive/dev/pts

== SETUP

On CRUX run setup, and if on UEFI select on setup grub2-efi (if using GRUB 2), efibootmgr, and elfutils from opt (only select core, and say yes when you're asked if you want to select individual packages). And if you are not using LILO de-select it from core.

On Source Mage GNU/Linux get the tarball

cd /mnt/drive wget -c "http://download.sourcemage.org/image/official/smgl-stable-<version>-basesystem-x86_64.<compression>" tar xvf smgl-stable-<version>-basesystem-x86_64.<compression>

Chroot specifying Bash in case live media has another shell

chroot /mnt/drive /bin/bash

Change root password in chroot (TEST IF YOUR KEYBOARD HAS ALL THE CORRECT MAPPINGS before you change the password)

passwd root

Change the network interfaces

On CRUX modify /etc/rc.d/net with the rules you want (IP, gateway, domain, etc)

nano /etc/rc.d/net

On Source Mage GNU/Linux add preferred interfaces for example

nano /etc/network/interfaces auto eth0 allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp

On /etc/resolv.conf.head set your preferred DNS provider (this example is from OpenNIC)

nano /etc/resolv.conf.head nameserver 193.41.79.236

Or copy the resolv.conf file from /etc to /mnt/etc BEFORE chrooting

Change the fstab with appropriate filesystems

nano /etc/fstab /dev/sda1 /boot <BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> defaults 0 2 /dev/sda2 / <ROOT_FILESYSTEM> noatime 0 1

On CRUX uncomment the lines referring to devpts, tmp, and shm as some programs require it (Firefox), also USB and or cdrom if using those

If on UEFI replace /boot with /boot/efi

On CRUX change the font, keyboard, timezone, hostname and services

ls /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/ nano /etc/rc.conf

On Source Mage GNU/Linux change the keymaps

ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386/qwerty nano /etc/sysconfig/keymap

On CRUX generate locales (change interface language)

localedef -i <LOCALE> -f ISO-<CODE> <LOCALE>

On Source Mage GNU/Linux generate locales (change interface language)

cast -r locale

== BOOTLOADER

• The drive where bootloaders and OSes are installed on these examples is /dev/sda, bu could be anywhere.
• The bootloader installation IS inside chroot AND with drives mounted, so this guides assumes you are inside "/mnt/drive".
• The "vmlinuz" makes reference to the kernel image, you can rename it or simlink to it in all cases, the only rule is you have to make sure the name is referenced correctly in the bootloader. By default it can have names like vmlinuz-linux, vmlinuz-<KERNEL_VERSION> and so on. The same with initramfs.img, it can be initramfs-<KERNEL_VERSION>.img and such.
• All bootloader examples have included other OS inside what is called "stanzas".
• FreeDOS and Windows stanzas are OPTIONAL.
• If dualbooting with Windows remember that it likes to be in the first partition.
• If on UEFI check if module is loaded by issuing modprobe efivars.
• On CRUX do prt-get remove lilo if you dont use LILO.
• On Source Mage GNU/Linux do cast <BOOTLOADER> to install the preferred bootloader.

=== LILO

If on UEFI use elilo and change names to /etc/elilo.conf instead of /etc/lilo.conf and elilo instead of lilo in commands

nano /etc/lilo.conf

Inserting password= inside an OS stanza will protect with a password the that OS, but inserting password= just before the stanzas will protect with a password the bootloader instead (notice the space inside stanzas)

boot = /dev/sda image = /boot/vmlinuz Label = CRUX root = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO> other = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS> table = /dev/sda Label = FreeDos other = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS> table = /dev/sda Label = Windows7 lilo -A /dev/sda 1 lilo

In case you used a password prevent anyone but root of reading the config file

chmod 600 /etc/lilo.conf

=== SYSLINUX

If on BIOS make directory and copy files accordingly

mkdir -p /boot/syslinux cp /usr/lib/syslinux/bios/*.c32 /boot/syslinux/

If on UEFI make directory and copy files accordingly

mkdir -p /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux cp -r /usr/lib/syslinux/efi64/* /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/

If on BIOS setup boot entry

umount /dev/sda1 syslinux --directory syslinux --install /dev/sda1 mount /dev/sda1 /boot

If on UEFI setup boot entry using efibootmgr

umount /dev/sda1 efibootmgr -c -d /dev/sda -p 1 -l /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.efi -L Syslinux mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi

Edit /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg if on BIOS or /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.cfg if on UEFI

splash.png is the splash screen image located in /boot/syslinux/ if on BIOS or /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/ if on UEFI

PROMPT 1 TIMEOUT 50 MENU BACKGROUND splash.png DEFAULT CRUX LABEL CRUX MENU LABEL CRUX LINUX /boot/vmlinuz INITRD /boot/initramfs.img LABEL FreeDOS MENU LABEL FreeDOS KERNEL chain.c32 APPEND sda <PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS> LABEL Windows7 MENU LABEL Windows7 KERNEL chain.c32 APPEND sda <PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS>

=== GRUB Legacy

If on BIOS setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)

mount /dev/sda1 /boot grub-install /dev/sda

If on UEFI setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)

mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi grub-install /boot/efi #Edit configuration file nano /boot/grub/menu.lst default=0 timeout=10 splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz #hiddenmenu title <DISTRO_NAME> (<KERNEL_VERSION>) root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO>) kernel /vmlinuz-<KERNEL_VERSION> ro root=/dev/sda5 rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-<KERNEL_VERSION>.img title <DISTRO_NAME_alternative_kernel> (<ANOTHER_KERNEL_VERSION>) root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO>) kernel /vmlinuz-<ANOTHER_KERNEL_VERSION> ro root=/dev/sda5 rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-<ANOTHER_KERNEL_VERSION>.img title FreeDOS root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS>) kernel /memdisk initrd (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS>)/fdboot.img title Windows 7 root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS>) chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi

=== GRUB 2

If on BIOS setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)

mount /dev/sda1 /boot grub-install /dev/sda

If on UEFI setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)

mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi grub-install /boot/efi

If Grub does not detect your OS run "os-prober" followed by "update-grub", or add the OS manually to the Grub config file

nano /etc/grub.d/40_custom menuentry "FreeDOS" { set root='(hd0,msdos2)' linux16 /memdisk initrd16 /fdboot.img chainloader +1 } menuentry "Windows 7" { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs insmod search_fs_uuid insmod ntldr search --fs-uuid --no-floppy --set=root 3482FBC382FB879E chainloader +1 ntldr /bootmgr }

Update config file

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg