Initiation Rite

This guide is for those who want to install either CRUX or Source Mage GNU/Linux. It was written so it can be used by both, only diverging on the particular details.

CRUX: A ports based, BSD style init scripts, distro following true KISS principles (Keep It Simple, Stupid).
Source Mage GNU/Linux: Without 3rd party patches, sensible defaults or masked packages, free from obfuscated and pre-configured code, use clean dependencies as they came from upstream developers and can also use flags.

START

Boot in UEFI mode if on UEFI, BIOS if on BIOS, and select installation media.

Make sure your network is up (OPTIONAL)
dhcpcd <NIC>
Temporarily change keyboard (available configurations can be found in the directories /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/ for CRUX and /usr/share/keymaps/i386/qwerty for Source Mage GNU/Linux)
loadkeys <KEYMAP>

PARTITIONING

Supported filesystems by bootloaders are (if on UEFI ignore this as it only supports FAT):

LILO: indifferent (anything?)
SYSLINUX: ext2, ext3, ext4, btrfs, ufs 1/2, FAT16, FAT32, iso9660, udf, NTFS
GRUB Legacy: FAT16, FAT32, minix, ext2, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS, VSTa fs, Btrfs
GRUB 2: ext2, ext3, ext4, btrfs, zfs, ufs, minix, iso9660, udf, jfs, hfs, hfs+, afs, affs, sfs, xfs, reiserfs, tar, cpio, NTFS, FAT16, FAT32

In these examples we make only two partitions but you can extend this if you know how. The partitions are one root partition, later mounted to /mnt/drive format with mkfs.<ROOT_FILESYSTEM>, and one boot partition, later mounted to /mnt/drive/boot and format with mkfs.<BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> unless is UEFI in which case mkfs.vfat is the only format available and will be mounted to /mnt/drive/boot/efi.

Use parted
parted /dev/sda
Inside parted, if on UEFI label the disk "gpt", but if on BIOS label it "msdos"
mklabel <LABEL> unit mb mkpart primary 0g 128 mkpart primary 128 -1 toggle 1 boot p free quit
Make root filesystem according to your personal preference
mkfs.<ROOT_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sda2 mkdir /mnt/drive mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/drive
Make boot filesystem according to supported bootloader or just "mkfs.vfat" if on UEFI
mkfs.<BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> /dev/sda1
If on BIOS make directory and mount
mkdir /mnt/drive/boot mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/drive/boot
If on UEFI make directory and mount
mkdir -p /mnt/drive/boot/efi mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/drive/boot/efi cd /mnt/drive mount --bind /dev /mnt/drive/dev mount --bind /sys /mnt/drive/sys mount -t proc none /mnt/drive/proc mount -t devpts none /mnt/drive/dev/pts

SETUP

On CRUX run "setup", and if on UEFI select on setup grub2-efi (if using GRUB 2), efibootmgr, and elfutils from opt (only select core, and say yes when you're asked if you want to select individual packages). And if you are not using LILO de-select it from core.
On Source Mage GNU/Linux get the tarball
cd /mnt/drive wget -c "http://download.sourcemage.org/image/official/smgl-stable-<version>-basesystem-x86_64.<compression>" tar xvf smgl-stable-<version>-basesystem-x86_64.<compression>

Chroot

Chroot specifying Bash in case live media has another shell
chroot /mnt/drive /bin/bash
Change root password in chroot (TEST IF YOUR KEYBOARD HAS ALL THE CORRECT MAPPINGS before you change the password)
passwd root

Change the network interfaces

On CRUX modify "/etc/rc.d/net" with the rules you want (IP, gateway, domain, etc)
On Source Mage GNU/Linux add preferred interfaces to "/etc/network/interfaces" for example
auto eth0 allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp
On the "/etc/resolv.conf.head" file set your preferred DNS provider (this example is from OpenNIC)
nameserver 193.41.79.236
Or copy "/etc/resolv.conf" to "/mnt/etc/resolv.conf" BEFORE chrooting

Edit fstab

Change the "/etc/fstab" file with appropriate filesystems
/dev/sda1 /boot <BOOTLOADER_FILESYSTEM> defaults 0 2 /dev/sda2 / <ROOT_FILESYSTEM> noatime 0 1
On CRUX uncomment the lines referring to devpts, tmp, and shm as some programs require it (Firefox), also USB and or cdrom if using those
If on UEFI replace "/boot" with "/boot/efi"

Edit environment

On CRUX change the font, keyboard, timezone, hostname and services on the "/etc/rc.conf" file
ls /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/
On Source Mage GNU/Linux change keymaps on the "/etc/sysconfig/keymap" file
ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386/qwerty
On CRUX generate locales (change interface language)
localedef -i <LOCALE> -f ISO-<CODE> <LOCALE>
On Source Mage GNU/Linux generate locales (change interface language)
cast -r locale

BOOTLOADER

The drive where bootloaders and OSes are installed on these examples is "/dev/sda", but could be anywhere.
The bootloader installation IS inside chroot AND with drives mounted, so this guides assumes you are inside "/mnt/drive".
The "vmlinuz" file makes reference to the kernel image, you can rename it or simlink to it in all cases, the only rule is you have to make sure the name is referenced correctly in the bootloader. By default it can have names like "vmlinuz-linux", "vmlinuz-<KERNEL_VERSION>" and so on. The same with "initramfs.img", it can be "initramfs-<KERNEL_VERSION>.img" and such.
All bootloader examples have included other OS inside what is called "stanzas".
FreeDOS and Windows stanzas are OPTIONAL.
If dualbooting with Windows remember that it likes to be in the first partition.
If on UEFI check if module is loaded by issuing "modprobe efivars".
On CRUX do "prt-get remove lilo" if you dont use LILO.
On Source Mage GNU/Linux do "cast " to install the preferred bootloader.

LILO

If on UEFI use elilo and change names to "/etc/elilo.conf" instead of "/etc/lilo.conf" and "elilo" instead of "lilo" in commands
nano /etc/lilo.conf
Inserting "password=" inside an OS stanza will protect with a password that OS, but inserting "password=" just before the stanzas and outside any of them will protect with a password the bootloader itself (notice the space inside stanzas)
boot = /dev/sda image = /boot/vmlinuz Label = CRUX root = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO> other = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS> table = /dev/sda Label = FreeDos other = /dev/sda<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS> table = /dev/sda Label = Windows7 lilo -A /dev/sda 1 lilo
Prevent anyone but root of reading the config file (in case you used a password)
chmod 600 /etc/lilo.conf

SYSLINUX

If on BIOS make directory and copy files accordingly
mkdir -p /boot/syslinux cp /usr/lib/syslinux/bios/*.c32 /boot/syslinux/
If on UEFI make directory and copy files accordingly
mkdir -p /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux cp -r /usr/lib/syslinux/efi64/* /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/
If on BIOS setup boot entry
umount /dev/sda1 syslinux --directory syslinux --install /dev/sda1 mount /dev/sda1 /boot
If on UEFI setup boot entry using "efibootmgr"
umount /dev/sda1 efibootmgr -c -d /dev/sda -p 1 -l /boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.efi -L Syslinux mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi
Edit "/boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg" if on BIOS or "/boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/syslinux.cfg" if on UEFI
"splash.png" is the splash screen image located in "/boot/syslinux/" if on BIOS or "/boot/efi/EFI/syslinux/" if on UEFI
PROMPT 1 TIMEOUT 50 MENU BACKGROUND splash.png DEFAULT CRUX LABEL CRUX MENU LABEL CRUX LINUX /boot/vmlinuz INITRD /boot/initramfs.img LABEL FreeDOS MENU LABEL FreeDOS KERNEL chain.c32 APPEND sda <PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS> LABEL Windows7 MENU LABEL Windows7 KERNEL chain.c32 APPEND sda <PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS>

GRUB Legacy

If on BIOS setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)
mount /dev/sda1 /boot grub-install /dev/sda
If on UEFI setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)
mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi grub-install /boot/efi
Edit configuration file "/boot/grub/menu.lst"
default=0 timeout=10 splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz #hiddenmenu title <DISTRO_NAME> (<KERNEL_VERSION>) root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO>) kernel /vmlinuz-<KERNEL_VERSION> ro root=/dev/sda5 rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-<KERNEL_VERSION>.img title <DISTRO_NAME_alternative_kernel> (<ANOTHER_KERNEL_VERSION>) root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_DISTRO>) kernel /vmlinuz-<ANOTHER_KERNEL_VERSION> ro root=/dev/sda5 rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-<ANOTHER_KERNEL_VERSION>.img title FreeDOS root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS>) kernel /memdisk initrd (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_FREEDOS>)/fdboot.img title Windows 7 root (hd0,<PARTITION_NUMBER_OF_WINDOWS>) chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi

GRUB 2

If on BIOS setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)
mount /dev/sda1 /boot grub-install /dev/sda
If on UEFI setup boot entry (boot partition must be mounted)
mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi grub-install /boot/efi
If Grub does not detect your OS run "os-prober" followed by "update-grub"
Or add the OS manually to the Grub config file "/etc/grub.d/40_custom"
menuentry "FreeDOS" { set root='(hd0,msdos2)' linux16 /memdisk initrd16 /fdboot.img chainloader +1 } menuentry "Windows 7" { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs insmod search_fs_uuid insmod ntldr search --fs-uuid --no-floppy --set=root 3482FBC382FB879E chainloader +1 ntldr /bootmgr }
Update config file
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

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