mayfrost-guides/ALTERNATIVES.md

ALTERNATIVES TO BLOATWARE

The list is built pointing to software that has alternatives with less dependencies, and addressing dependencies was the easy thing. Some tools in particular were included because they add less dependencies overall while keeping a system functional. One such example is imagemagick and ffmpeg, by which you can do a lot of work and replace many tools by just using those with scripts and replace something like a screenshot utility. However, a new revision now includes software that was previously discarded for better comparison and featured recommendations will now be highlight by hyperlinks.

TL;DR: is about the unix principle, having a fully functional system pretty damn minimal with that. Focus on the alternatives with hyperlinks if you want the best suggestions.

Certainly it would be great to have a comparative on resource usage. Want to help?

TOC

1. ANDROID APPS
2. Command Line
3. Communication
   3.1. Desktop Client
4. Data
5. Decentralized Networking
6. Disk Tools
7. Emulation And Virtualization
8. File Utilities
9. Filesharing
10. Forensics
11. Monitoring
    12.1. Benchmarking
    12.2. System Information
    12.3. System Monitoring
12. Multimedia
    13.1. ASCii Art
    13.2. Audio
    13.3. Image
    13.4. Metadata
    13.5. Video
13. Network Setup
14. Office
15. Package Management
16. Pentesting
    17.1. Exploitables
    17.2. Network Scanner
    17.3. Network Tampering
    17.4. Password Cracking
    17.5. Vulnerability Scanner
17. Privacy
18. Programming
19. Remote Access
20. Science And Engineering
21. Security
    22.1. Containment
    22.2. Honeypots
    22.3. Host Intrusion
    22.4. Network Intrusion
22. Server
    23.1. Server Authentication
23. System Utilities
24. X Desktop

ANDROID APPS

• Launcher: OpenLauncher (8,3 MB) -> Catapult (4,7 MB) -> Lawnchair (3,1 MB) -> Paper Launch (2,8 MB) -> Launch Time (2,5 MB) -> Silverfish (1,5 MB) -> T-UI (1,2 MB) -> Search Based Launcher (622 KB) -> KISS (431 KB) -> Emerald Launcher (172 KB) -> Hayai Launcher (106 KB) -> Fast (76 KB) -> Essential Launcher (26 KB)
• Facebook: FaceSlim (1,3 MB) -> Tinfoil for Facebook (525 KB) -> SlimSocial (313 KB)
• Twitter: Tinfoil for Twitter -> SlimSocial for Twitter (699 KB)
• YouTube: NewPipe (5,0 MB) -> SkyTube (4,9 MB) -> WebTube (2,1 MB) -> MinTube (981 KB)
• Photo Gallery: Simple Gallery (12 MB) -> LeafPic (10/2016: 4.3 MB) -> Cameraroll (2.4 MB) -> A Photo Manager (1.3MB)
• E-Books: Document Viewer (8.5 MB)
• Notes: Orgzly (3.9 MB) -> Markor (3 MB) -> miniNoteViewer (452 KB)
• Keyboards: Hacker's Keyboard (1,2 MB) -> Simple Keyboard (835 KB)
• File Manager: Amaze -> OI File Manager
• Dictionary: Quickdic
• Firewall: NetGuard -> AFWall+
• E-Mail: K-9 Mail

Most apps are from F-Droid, we are just starting.

Command Line

• Command Line Cheatsheet: CLI Companion -> xman -> cheat / howdoi / clf / fu / bro -> cheat.sh
• Copy and Move Progress Bar: progress -> Advanced Copy
• Daemonize: dtach -> abduco -> GNU Screen
• Directory Bookmarks: Apparix -> fasd
• Framebuffer Environment: Fbpad -> jfbterm/Fbterm -> yaft (because sixel) -> hterm (because regis) -> FramebufferUI
• Hacker Culture: ddate, fortune, The Hacker Test, The Jargon File
• Login: fgetty -> mingetty -> getty (util-linux) -> stty (GNU Coreutils)
• Menu: pdmenu -> tmenu -> iSelect -> pick -> fzy -> slmenu
• Multiplexer: Byobu -> Tmux -> GNU Screen (+sixel patch) -> dvtm
• Notification: skroll
• Progress Bar: vramsteg -> clpbar- > pv - Pipe Viewer -> sob -> dbar
• Scripting: Multipipe -> GNU Parallel (+ GNU SQL) -> execline -> Expect -> empty
• Shells: Xonsh -> PowerShell -> Bash (+ bash-completion + bash-completion-extras) -> zsh -> tcsh -> PC-DCL -> mksh -> rc -> s -> Danshell
• Terminal Colorizer: colout -> lolcat -> Bashish
• Terminal Dropdown: tdrop -> YeahConsole -> alwaysontop
• Terminal Emulator: PuTTY -> Cool Retro Term -> Terminology -> rxvt-unicode (a.k.a. urxvt) -> Termite -> UXTerm -> Qodem
• Terminal Pager: most -> less (+ lesspipe)
• Terminal Screensaver: bb, sl, tty-clock, CMatrix, cowsay (or cowthink), rice, Asciiquarium, pipes, nyan.sh, rickrollrc, NCMatrix, terminal-screensaver, No More Secrets

Communication

• BBS-MUD Client: TinTin++
• Bookmark Manager: bookmarks.public -> bk_edit -> pmb -> b.
• Browser: GNU IceCat -> luakit / vimb / surf (tabbed) / Uzbl (tabbed) -> NetSurf -> Lynx -> Links2 -> Netrik -> Stallman.js
• Browser (Gopher): GopherVR -> gopherfs -> UMN Gopher client -> Lynx
• Chat Client: Finch (Pidgin) in irssi mode -> Centerim -> Bitlbee
• E-Mail Archiver: Lurker
• E-Mail Client: Thunderbird -> SquirrelMail -> Alpine -> Mutt -> mailx
• E-Mail Fetcher: Fetchmail -> isync (mbsync)
• IRC Client: HexChat -> Weechat -> Irssi
• Online Radio: Nuvola Player
• RSS Feed and Podcast: Liferea -> Newsbeuter -> Newsboat
• Search Engine Scraper: Googler -> Surfraw (+ dmenu)
• UPnP (DLNA) Client: djmount
• Usenet Client (Newsreader): Pan -> slrn ( + slrnpull + slrnface)
• VoIP Client: Jitsi -> Finch (Pidgin)

Desktop Client

• 4chan: ANSIchan / yottu
• Booru: ahoviewer
• Facebook: Facebook CLI - > FBCMD (unmaintained)
• General: Rambox / Gwibber
• Pastebin: pastebinit
• Reddit: cReddit
• Slack: ScudCloud / slackterm
• Twitter: Hotot -> oysttyer
• Youtube: youtube-viewer

Data

• Data Mining and Business Intelligence: JasperReports -> KNIME -> GNU Ferret -> GURGLE
• Database (Datalog): Datalog Educational System, Datalog
• Database (Middleware): MySQL Workbench -> Virtuoso Universal Server -> Orbada -> Autotable
• Database (NoSQL): GZigZag, RRDtool, Dgraphhttps://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph, Redis, GNU Recutils
• Database (SQL): MySQL -> Percona -> MariaDB -> CUBRID -> Ingres II
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): IDempiere -> LedgerSMB -> SQL-Ledger
• Expert System: Flora-2, CLIPS
• Financial Markets Monitoring: JStock -> QtTrader -> Qtstalker
• Human Resource Management: OrangeHRM
• Invoicing: Simple Invoices
• Project Management: GanttProject

Decentralized Networking

• Chat: Tox -> Matrix (Matrix-Ircd, Riot) -> GNU Ring -> nircd
• Darknet: autovpn -> Tor -> AnoNet -> i2p
• Digital Library: Aletheia
• Distributed File Systems: Samba -> NFS -> IPFS -> GNUnet
• DNS Resolution: OpenNIC -> Namecoin -> KadNode
• E-Commerce: FIX Agora + OpenBazaar + Bitnation + GNU Taler
• Forum: Decentraland -> Mastodon (GNU Social) -> NNTPChan
• Gossip Network (Network Service Discovery): peernet
• Grid Computing: BOINC (+ boinctui)
• Media Sharing: MediaGoblin -> DTube -> PeerTube (WebTorrent) -> Alexandria (not ready yet but this how it works)
• Mesh Network: Tinc -> cjdns -> open80211s (802.11s) -> B.A.T.M.A.N.
• Monetary Incentives: Storj + Gridcoin + Stream Token
• Search Engine: searx -> Seeks -> YaCy (truly decentralized, would be wonderful if searx/seeks could feed its data to YaCy)
• Search Engine (Gopher): Jugtail
• Search Engine (Torrents): Magnetissimo -> magnetico
• Streaming: Butter Project -> Livepeer -> BasicTV
• Version Control (Decentralized Github): GitTorrent
• VPN: PeerVPN
• Wiki: ikiwiki

Disk Tools

• CD-DVD Burn and Copy (Backends): cdrtools -> cdrkit -> cdrskin
• CD-DVD Burn and Copy (Frontends): K3b -> Brasero -> cdw
• CD-DVD Ripping: Sound Juicer -> fre ac -> cdparanoia (+ ABCDE)
• Custom Install CD: Respin -> Remastersys -> Distroshare -> PinguyBuilder -> Customizer -> Ubuntu Customization Kit -> Mklivecd
• Device Management: Udisks (+ udevil) -> pmount -> bashmount
• Disk Cloning and Writing: dd -> dcfldd -> dc3dd
• Live USB: UNetbootin -> MultiCD
• Partitioning: Gparted -> cfdisk -> GNU Parted -> fdisk / sfdisk
• System Backup: Systemback -> Bacula -> FSArchiver -> CYA

Emulation And Virtualization

• Containers: chroot -> LXC -> Linux-VServer
• Emulators: Windows: Wine (+ Wine Staging), Android: Anbox, OS X: Darling, Atari: Hatari (16/32-bit) and Atari800 (8-bit), Commodore: VICE, DOS: DOSBox
• Hypervisors: Xen -> NOVA -> KVM
• Multiplexer Wrappers: pam_wrapper, resolv_wrapper, uid_wrapper, nss_wrapper, socket_wrapper
• Network Virtualization: GNS3 -> nsnam
• Software Compatibility: .NET: DotGNU -> Mono, Systemd/Linux: systemd-shim
• Video Game Console Emulation (ATARI): Stella
• Video Game Console Emulation (XBOX): XQEMU
• Video Game Console Emulation (MULTI): Higan -> Mednafen -> RetroArch -> MAME -> AdvanceMAME (framebuffer support)
• Video Game Console Emulation (NINTENDO): DeSmuME (Nintendo DS), Mupen64Plus (Nintendo 64), Dolphin (GameCube and Wii)
• Video Game Console Emulation (SEGA): Yabause (Sega Saturn), Reicast (Dreamcast)
• Video Game Console Emulation (PLAYSTATION): PPSSPP, RPCS3, PCSX2
• Virtual Assembler: GNUSim8085, spim
• Virtual Machine: VirtualBox -> AQEMU + kvm -> Qemu + kvm
• Virtual Machine (IBM Mainframes): Hercules
• Virtual Machine (DEC): SIMH

File Utilities

• Batch Renamer: GPRename -> qmv (renameutils)
• Duplicate Files Removal: dupeGuru -> Fdupes
• File Archiver: PeaZip -> Xarchiver -> Atool
• File Manager: SpaceFM -> Moxfm -> File System Visualizer (“It’s a Unix system, I know this!”) -> Midnight Commander -> vifm -> FDclone -> Ytree -> nnn -> tree
• File Search: DocFetcher -> ANGRYsearch -> Puggle -> regain -> find
• File Synchronization: Unison -> git-annex -> Rsync
• Image Organizer: hydrus network -> Shotwell -> GTKRawGallery -> digiKam -> gThumb (+ gphoto) -> Mapivi -> BASH-Booru
• RegEx Builder: regexxer -> Visual REGEXP -> txt2regex

Filesharing

• Direct Connect: LinuxDC++ -> ncdc -> microdc2
• Download Manager: JDownloader -> giFT (+ giFTcurs) -> aria2 -> cURL -> Wget
• File Scraper: megatools (Mega) -> Grive2 (Google Drive) -> Rclone -> Plowshare
• FTP Client: FileZilla -> lftp
• LAN Sharing: NitroShare -> Dukto
• Media Center: Plex -> Emby -> Popcorn Time -> Kodi ("XBMC", + Sonarr) -> LittleWeeb
• Media Miner: FlexGet -> Sonarr
• Offline Reader: Kiwix -> Darcy Ripper -> HTTrack -> Wget
• Soulseek: Nicotine Plus -> Museek (mucous)
• Stream Catcher: Streamripper -> youtube-dl -> cclive -> youtube-pl -> quvi and RTMPDump
• Torrent Client: qBittorrent -> RTorrent -> transmission-daemon (comes with a web interface by default but other frontends exist)
• Torrent Tracker Scraper: Torrtux -> Torrench -> Jackett
• Usenet (File Grabber): LottaNZB -> SABnzbd -> NZBGet -> nzb -> nzbperl

Forensics

• Application Profiling: Valgrind (+ Callgrind)
• Data Recovery: dvdisaster -> TestDisk (PhotoRec) -> ddrescue
• Debugger: DDD -> CGDB -> GDB
• Virtual Memory Debugger: scanmem & Gameconqueror -> varedit
• Java Debugger: VisualVM
• Browser Debugger: Firebug
• Forensic Analysis Framework: The Sleuth Kit -> DFF -> Radare
• Hex Editors: HT Editor -> dhex
• Sandbox: Cuckoo Sandbox
• Steganalysis: Virtual Steganographic Laboratory -> Stegdetect

Monitoring

Benchmarking

• Drive Profiling: Smartmontools -> hdparm
• Filesystem Benchmark: Bonnie++ -> MBW
• General Benchmarking: HPC Challenge Benchmark (hpcc) -> Sysbench
• Network Data Visualization: weathermap4rrd (rrd) -> Xtract (pcap)
• Network Profiling: net-snmp -> vnStat -> iperf
• Server Benchmark: Siege
• System Tracing: strace -> trace-cmd (ftrace) -> perf

System Information

• General Information: inxi
• Screenshot Information: Linux_Logo -> Neofetch -> screenFetch
• Hardware Information: lshw -> hwloc -> usbutils (lsusb) -> pciutils (lspci) -> util-linux (lsblk, blkid, dmesg) -> acpitool dmidecode
• Software Information: vrms -> file -> ldd -> lsb_release -> uname

System Monitoring

• Database Monitoring: Mytop
• Disk Usage: QDirStat -> Baobab -> xdiskusage -> XDU -> Ncdu -> df
• Geolocation: Prey
• Hardware Monitoring: lm-sensors (psensor for a GUI) + CrazyDiskInfo + Hddtemp
• Log Monitoring: lnav -> Logcheck -> multiTail
• Log Visualizer: glTail -> Logstalgia
• Network Flow: Argos -> HFlow -> nfdump (nfsen)
• Network Latency: OpenNMS -> SmokePing -> bmon
• Network Monitoring: NetHogs -> iftop, dnstop
• Port Monitoring: psad
• Process Monitoring: lsof, PSmisc (fuser, pkill, pstree)
• Serial Monitoring: ttylog -> slsnif
• System Latency: LatencyTOP
• System Monitor: gnome-system-monitor -> psDooM -> Conky -> atop -> htop -> nmon -> procinfo -> Sysstat (sar, mpstat, pidstat, iostat, sadf) -> procps (ps, free, vmstat, top, pmap, nice)
• User Monitoring: wuzzah -> Whowatch -> acct
• Web Log Analytics: AWStats -> W3Perl -> Analog -> pmacct
• Web State Monitor: Nagios (+ NagVis) -> sysmon

Multimedia

ASCii Art

• ANSI Drawing: SHPaint -> MysticDraw
• ANSi Viewer: ANSiMat
• ASCii Animation: blessed -> Durdraw -> drawille
• ASCii Banner: shellpic -> TOIlet -> FIGlet -> sysvbanner
• ASCii Drawing: JavE -> Aewan -> CAVE WALL -> textdraw
• ASCii Presentations: wopr -> blessed-contrib
• Image to ASCii: jp2a
• Video to ASCii: libcaca -> AAlib

Audio

• Audio Editing: Audacity -> Snd -> Ecasound -> SoX
• Audio Effect Plugins: zam-plugins (LADSPA/LV2/VST/JACK), LV2 (x42-plugins), LADSPA (tap-plugins), DSSI (dssi-utils, dssi-vst)
• Audio Encoding: LAME, FLAC
• Background Sound: GNU GTick -> Ambient Noise
• Digital Audio Workstation: Rosegarden -> Ardour -> LMMS
• DJing: Mixxx
• Ear Training: LenMus -> GNU Solfege
• Multiple Audio Streams: pulseaudio -> apulse -> ALSA (aloop, Softvol, Dmix)
• Music Player: Audacious (+ Winamp Classic skin + GJay) -> Open Cubic Player -> MPD (vimus/ncmpcpp) -> cmus -> mp3blaster (runs with "aoss mp3blaster" or compiled with ALSA) -> MOC (+ moc-ffmpeg-plugin, dmenu_mocp)
• Music Visualization: Spectrum3d -> Le Biniou -> projectM -> cli-visualizer
• Scorewriter: MuseScore -> LilyPond
• Software Sampler: LinuxSampler -> orDrumbox -> Hydrogen
• Synthesizer: AlsaModularSynth -> ZynAddSubFX
• System Sound Extensions: WineASIO, alsa-oss/oss-compat, ESound (esound-common), awesfx
• System Sound Utilities: pavucontrol (pulseaudio) -> JAMin (for Jack) -> Qastools -> alsa-utils + Alsaequal
• Tonal Feature Analysis: CLAM Chordata
• Tracker Editors: Schism -> MilkyTracker
• Trackers: SID-Wizard -> GoatTracker
• Tray Icon: Volume Icon -> Volti

Image

• Bitmaps to Vector Conversion: AutoTrace -> Potrace
• Diagram Editor: Pencil Project -> Dia -> Graphviz
• Bitmap Graphics Digital Drawing: Krita -> MyPaint -> XPaint -> GrafX2 / uberpaint
• Coloring Digital Drawing: STYLE2PAINTS
• Fonts Digital Drawing: FontForge
• Vector Digital Drawing: Inkscape -> Xfig
• Image Editing: RawTherapee -> darktable -> Gimp + G'MIC -> ImageMagick (display, import)
• Image Optimizing: OptiPNG -> pngcrush -> pngquant
• Image Viewer: Feh -> sxiv -> display (ImageMagick) -> fim / fbi (fbida)
• Plotting: Gnuplot -> PLplot
• Screenshots: Shutter -> scrot -> maim -> import (ImageMagick) -> fbcat (FBGrab)

Metadata

• Metadata: Easytag -> Beets -> ExifTool

Video

• Compositing: CinePaint -> Natron
• Datamoshing: Autodatamosh
• 2D Digital Animation: Synfig -> OpenToonz
• 3D Digital Animation: Blender
• Screencasting: Open Broadcaster Studio -> SimpleScreenRecorder -> FFmpeg -> ttyrec (+ seq2gif)
• Video Editing: Kdenlive -> Cinelerra-cv -> OpenShot -> Melt -> AvxSynth -> FFmpeg
• Video Player: MPV -> nvlc (VLC) -> MPlayer
• Video to gif: Video2Gif -> convert (ImageMagick) -> FFmpeg
• Video Transcoding: HandBrake -> WinFF -> FFmpeg

Network Setup

• Bandwidth Saver: Wondershaper
• Bandwidth Testing: speedtest-cli / speed-test
• DHCP Client: dhclient -> dhcpcd
• DNS Encryption: DNSSEC, DNSCrypt
• DNS Resolution: Unbound + NDS -> BIND9
• MAC Manipulation: GNU MAC Changer (macchanger)
• Network Encryption: OpenSSL -> LibreSSL -> GnuTLS -> IPsec / SAE (802.11s)
• Network Manager: Wicd -> NetworkManager -> ConnMan -> SetNet
• Networking Tools: ethtool, iproute2 (ip, ss) -> net-tools (ifconfig, netstat)
• Wireless Tools: Wireless Tools for Linux, wpa_supplicant

Office

• CHM Viewer: xCHM -> CHMLib (extract_chmLib)
• Desktop Publishing: Scribus
• Document Processor: Emacs (AUCTeX) -> LyX -> GNU TeXmacs
• Ebook Viewer: Calibre -> Okular -> Zathura -> fimgs (fim) / fbgs (fbida)
• Flashcards: Anki
• Gamification: HabitRPG -> Habitica
• Input Method Editor: iBus -> Fcitx -> SCIM
• Mind Mapping: FreeMind
• Office Suites: LibreOffice -> Siag Office -> catdoc (xls2csv, catppt, wordview)
• Offline Dictionary: Goldendict -> Artha -> Dico, dict
• Outliner: TreeSheets -> Vault 3 -> GJots2 -> Emacs (Org-mode) -> Vim (Vimoutliner or Vim-orgmode) -> hnb
• PDF Editing: PDF SaM -> Poppler
• Personal Accounting: GnuCash -> GNU Pem
• Personal Assistant: Mycroft, betty, Climate, Suicide Linux
• Personal Organizer: Wyrd -> calcurse -> when -> cal
• Presentation: Beamer -> Sozi -> Text Presentation Program
• Printers: CUPS -> LPR
• Repetitive Strain Injury: Workrave
• Speed Reading: speedread
• Spell Check: Aspell
• Spreadsheets: Libreoffice Calc -> Gnumeric -> Oleo -> SC-IM + Pandoc
• Text Editor (and IDE): Emacs (nox) -> Vim -> xwpe (full IDE in the terminal) -> GNU Zile (minimalist Emacs clone) -> Elvis (minimalist Vi clone)
• Text Formatting and Pretty Printing: unoconv -> Pandoc, par -> fmt (Textutils)
• Text-To-Speech: Orca -> Gespeaker -> eBook-speaker (+ pandoc) -> eSpeak
• Typesetting: LaTeX -> Texinfo -> groff (tbl, pic, eqn, chem, music, dpic, grohtml)
• Typing Training: Klavaro -> nlkt -> GNU Typist
• Weather Forecast: AWeather -> Weather Util -> rrdweather
• Word Processor: Libreoffice Writter -> Abiword -> MinEd -> WordGrinder + Pandoc

Package Management

• Gaming Platform: LGOGDownloader (GOG.com), SteamCMD (Steam), Lutris
• Portable Apps: Flatpak -> Snappy -> AppImage
• Language Specific: bpkg (Bash scripts) -> Pinto (Perl) -> clib (C)
• Universal Package Managers: Alien -> pkgsrc -> GNU Guix

Pentesting

Exploitables

• Distros: Security Scenario Generator (SecGen) -> Damn Vulnerable Linux -> Metasploitable -> Kioptrix
• Web Apps: Mutillidae -> hackxor -> WebGoat

Network Scanner

• DNS Client: whois, dnsenum, dnstracer, bind-tools (nslookup, host, dig)
• Link Scanner: Metagoofil -> Linklint (+ linklint2dot)
• Network Enumeration: SSLScan, p0f, PRADS
• Network File Retrieval: Driftnet -> tcpxtract
• Network Mapping: Open Visual Traceroute -> EtherApe -> Paris Traceroute -> Dublin Traceroute -> MTR -> tcptraceroute -> iputils (Ping, traceroute, tracepath, arping)
• OSINT: Creepy -> Netglub
• Packet Sniffer: Tshark (Wireshark TUI) -> tcpflow -> tcpdump
• Reconnaissance Framework: dsniff (urlsnarf, filesnarf, webspy, Tcpkill, macof, arpspoof) -> Nmap -> ngrep
• WiFi Scanner: FLUXION -> Kismet

Network Tampering

• General: cryptcat (Netcat) -> socat -> Netsed
• Man-in-the-middle Attack: Morpheus -> sslstrip -> Ettercap
• Packet Crafting: Ostinato -> hping
• Traffic Generator: Mausezahn
• Traffic Replay: Tcpreplay

Password Cracking

• BIOS: CmosPwd
• Compressed Files: RarCrack
• General: John the Ripper / Hashcat
• PDF: pdfcrack
• Remote: THC Hydra
• WiFi: Reaver -> Aircrack-ng
• Windows: Ophcrack
• Wordlist Generator: CUPP -> crunch

Vulnerability Scanner

• Application Vulnerability: BCCF -> afl-fuzz
• Backdooring: Veil -> Cymothoa -> Backdoor Factory -> Evilgrade - EvilAbigail
• Cross-Scripting: xsser
• Exploit Famework: Metasploit -> Metasploit (Perl), WebSploit -> w3af
• Network Vulnerability: pytbull -> Yersinia
• Post Exploitation: Empire -> Post Exploitation Collection (Windows) -> mimikatz (Windows) -> Post Exploitation Linux Toolkit -> poet
• Social Engineering: SET (Social Engineering Toolkit), BeEF (The Browser Exploitation Framework Project)
• SQL Injection: sqlmap
• SSH Denial: screwSSH
• Web Application Vulnerability: Nikto
• Windows Registry Editor: Offline NT Password & Registry Editor (chntpw)

Privacy

• Anti Stylometry: Anonymouth
• Disk Cleaner: Dban -> bleachbit_cli (BleachBit) -> shred (GNU Coreutils)
• Boot Encryption: cryptboot
• Disk Encryption: StegFS, cryptsetup (dm-crypt)
• File Encryption: GNU Privacy Assistant -> ccrypt -> GNU Privacy Guard
• Full Storage Encryption: VeraCrypt -> Tomb -> tcplay (full TrueCrypt implementation and still minimalist)
• Encrypted Version Control: Keyringer
• Identity Generator: The Random Identity Generator (rig)
• Password Generator: pwgen -> apg
• Password Manager: KeePassX -> pass (+ pass-tomb, + passmenu) -> kpcli
• Steganography: StegoShare -> Steghide -> SNOW (stegsnow) -> Steganoroute

Programming

• Build Automation: Gradle, Buildroot, Open Build Service -> CheckInstall -> Autotools (Automake, Autoconf, Libtool), GNU make, Gnulib
• Code Beautifier: UniversalIndentGUI, HTML Tidy
• Compiler: IcedTea (Java) + GraalVM (compile multiple languages into JVM), GCC (GNU -native- Compiler for Java, GnuCOBOL, GNU Fortran) + colorgcc
• Compiling Speeding Up: distcc, ccache
• Documentation Browser: Devhelp -> Zeal
• Documentation Generator: perlpod, bashdoc, Doxygen
• Issue Tracking System: Bugzilla -> GNATS
• Linting: ShellCheck, GNU Source-highlight
• Other Tools: GNU bison and Flex, GNU m4, AutoGen, pkgconf, Installwatch, sysconftool, GNU Stow
• Program Transformation: Coccinelle, FermaT, CIL, Stratego/XT
• Source Code Navigation: LXR: The Linux Cross Referencer -> GNU GLOBAL -> cscope -> Ctags -> cgvg -> ack -> ag
• Source-to-Source Compiler: ROSE
• Version Control: Git (+ tig) -> CVS (+ CVSGraph) -> Fossil -> tla (GNU Arch) -> RCS

Remote Access

• Configuration Management: Puppet -> CFEngine -> cdist
• Control Panel: Webmin
• Diskless Booting: iPXE -> netboot
• PC-Mobile Connection: KDE Connect -> Wammu -> BitPim -> AndroidTools
• Remote Desktop Client: rdesktop -> Remmina -> fbvnc
• Remote Desktop Server: xrdp
• Remote Execution: pconsole -> DSH
• Remote File Manager: KodExplorer
• Remote Login: Mosh -> OpenSSH -> lsh
• Remote X Apps: Xpra > X11 forwarding
• Reverse Shell: icmpsh -> RevSh
• Serial Console: Minicom -> Picocom -> Qodem / GNU Screen
• Server Provisioning: FAI
• Wake-on-LAN: wakeonlan

Science And Engineering

• Artificial Intelligence: Arcade Learning Environment, ETHNOS, Conscious Artificial Intelligence, OpenCog, OpenAI
• Astronomy: SaVi satellite constellation visualizer, Stellarium -> Celestia -> SkyCat
• Bioinformatics: OpenSim, Cytoscape, BioJava -> UGENE -> EMBOSS -> SAMtools -> BioPerl
• CAD: AutoCAD -> FreeCAD -> OpenSCAD
• Chemistry: MolComp, RasMol, PerlMol
• Circuit Simulator: KiCad -> ngspice -> Gnucap
• Computational Fluid Dynamics: TELEMAC -> FEATFLOW -> OpenFOAM -> Gerris
• Computer Algebra System: Singular -> Axiom -> Maxima (+ PLplot)
• Data Visualization: Mobility Testbed, NetLogo, SocNetV -> Gephi -> Tulip
• Fractals: Mandelbulber
• Geographic Information System: qGIS
• Street Map: JOSM -> Osmosis
• Subway Map: qMetro
• Virtual Globe: Marble
• Graphing Calculator: KAlgebra -> TilEm
• Multi-Agent (MA) Simulation: Mobility Testbed -> Galatea -> NetLogo, Golly (Conway's Game of Life clone)
• Physics Simulation: OpenModelica -> CalculiX -> Elmer -> MCSim
• Semiconductor Modeling (TCAD): GNU Archimedes (and GNU Nano-Archimedes)
• Software-defined radio (SDR): GNU Radio (+ Gqrx) -> rtl-sdr
• Statistical Package: SageMath -> gretl -> PSPP (+ PSPP-Perl)
• Theorem Prover: Coq -> Abella -> Vampire -> Metamath

Security

Containment

• Access Control: SELinux -> Smack -> AppArmor + RSBAC
• Authentication: Polkit/ConsoleKit -> FakeRoot -> Sudo (visudo) -> Linux PAM
• Resource Usage Control: Disk Quota -> quotatool, ulimit (Bash), cpulimit
• Sandboxing: Firejail -> Bubblewrap

Honeypots

• Client: HoneyC, Capture-HPC
• Distro Bundle: HoneyDrive -> ADHD
• Server: Honeyperl -> Nova -> LaBrea
• Web-Based: HIHAT

Host Intrusion

• Anti Backdoor: me_cleaner, rosenbridge
• Anti Juice Jacking: usbkill, USBGuard
• Anti Malware: ClamTk -> ClamAV -> Linux Malware Detect (LMD)
• Host Intrusion Detection Framework: OSSEC -> Tiger
• Host System Auditing: OpenVAS -> Linux Security Auditing Tool (LSAT) -> Bastille -> Lynis
• Integrity Check AIDE -> systraq -> Tripwire -> Samhain
• Rootkit Detection: rkhunter, Chkrootkit, Unhide
• System Logging: Syslog-ng -> sysklogd

Network Intrusion

• Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) Block and Circumvention: zapret
• Firewall: gufw -> ufw -> iptables (+ ipset) -> nftables
• Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) Detection: ArpON, Arpalert
• Network Intrusion Detection: Snort -> Suricata
• Network Intrusion Prevention: Fail2ban -> Sshguard

Server

• BBS Server: Citadel -> Synchronet -> Mystic BBS -> BBS100
• Blog: finger / cfingerd
• Captcha: cool-php-captcha
• Chat: sshtalk -> util-linux (write, wall, mesg)
• CMS: WordPress -> GetSimple CMS -> werc
• Collaborative Real-Time Editor: Gobby -> EtherCalc -> Cryptpad
• Direct Connect Server: uhub
• DLNA: Universal Media Server -> ReadyMedia (a.k.a. MiniDLNA)
• Document Management System: OpenKM -> LogicalDOC -> EPrints
• E-Mail Filtering (LDA): Dovecot -> procmail
• E-Mail Indexing: Archmbox -> Chewmail -> Notmuch -> mairix
• E-Mail Mailing Lists: Mailman -> Sympa -> Dada Mail -> ezmlm
• E-Mail Notifier: mswatch
• E-Mail Server (MTA): Mail-in-a-Box -> Postfix -> Exim -> cmail -> qpsmtpd -> qmail
• E-Mail Spam Filter: DSPAM -> SpamAssassin
• E-Mail Validation: OpenDKIM, SPF
• File Distribution: zsync
• Forum: lainchan -> Akari-BBS -> sshchan -> 1436chan
• File Server: Google Drive -> Nextcloud -> WebDAV -> Syncthing -> vsftpd -> sftp / SSHFS (SSH)
• Groupware: Alfresco -> eXo Platform -> Citadel/UX
• IRC Bot: Seabattle (bot game), Infobot, Eggdrop (IRC bot)
• IRC Bouncer (BNC): ZNC
• IRC Fileserver: iroffer
• IRC Server: UnrealIRCd / Charybdis -> InspIRCd -> ngIRCd
• Learning Management System: GnuTutor -> OpenExpert -> Syllog
• MUD Server: PennMUSH
• Paint chat: Drawpile -> Collab
• Pastebin: Stikked -> Paste -> PrivateBin
• Political: LittleSis, Loomio
• Port Tunnel: stunnel -> sslh
• Proxy Server: Tinyproxy
• Service Manager: xinetd -> knockd, TCP Wrappers (tcpd, tcpdchk)
• Streaming: Peerflix (+ Torrentflix) -> Libresonic -> Syncplay -> VLC -> FFmpeg
• Torrent Tracker: Ocelot -> Gazelle
• Tunneling: ProxyChains -> VPNEncap -> VPNCHAINS
• Tunneling VM: PIA Tunnel, Whonix
• Usenet Server: InterNetNews -> Leafnode
• VoIP: Mumble -> Linphone (linphonec) -> sscall
• VPN: OpenVPN (+ PiVPN) -> WireGuard
• Web Caching: Decentraleyes on a web browser -> Squid (+ SquidGuard for Web Filtering)
• Web Filtering: Ad blocker on a web browser -> Pi-hole -> Privoxy -> Hostsblock
• Web Server: Apache -> Nginx -> lighttpd -> GNU MyServer -> darkhttpd -> Bucktooth (Gopher) + Bucky (for HTTP exit)
• Wiki: XWiki -> ikiwiki
• Wireless Access Point: hostapd
• __XMPP Serve
• Undevolting and Power Saving: TurionPowerControl / Linux-PHC -> cpufrequtils -> cpupowerr__: Tigase

Server Authentication

• Domain Specific Authentication Server: Ident (IRC), SKS (PGP)
• Directory Service: OpenLDAP -> NIS
• RADIUS: FreeRADIUS -> GNU Radius
• SSO: GNU Shishi (Kerberos)
• Suites: FreeIPA -> SSSD

System Utilities

• BIOS: Coreboot -> Libreboot
• Boot Loader: GRUB 2 -> GRUB Legacy -> SYSLINUX -> LILO (or ELILO for UEFI)
• Cache: Memcached, EnhanceIO -> dm-cache -> bcache
• Custom Initramfs: mkinitcpio -> dracut -> mkinitramfs
• Filesystem: XFS, Ext4, JFS, Reiser4, Bcachefs
• Hibernation: TuxOnIce -> uswsusp
• Init - Init Daemon: Upstart -> SysVinit -> Initng -> sinit
• Init - Service Manager (to be used with an init): OpenRC (includes an optional own init) -> runit (includes an optional own init) -> daemontools-encore -> perp
• Init - Startup Scripts Manager: bum -> svsh -> sysv-rc-conf -> chkconfig
• IPC: DBus -> ipcs (util-linux)
• Job Scheduler: Slurm -> fcron (Cron), incron
• Load in RAM: E4rat -> readahead -> preload, prelink
• Power Management: tpfancontrol -> thinkfan -> apcupsd -> TLP -> PowerTOP -> Powertweak
• Settings Manager: Linux Lite Control Center -> Elektra -> Augeas
• Undevolting and Power Saving: TurionPowerControl / Linux-PHC -> cpufrequtils -> cpupower
• Utilities: Mtools -> GNU Coreutils -> BusyBox -> Asmutils and ARMutils

X Desktop

• Application Launcher: rofi -> ratmenu -> dmenu
• Boot Screen: Plymouth -> Splashy -> Fbsplash -> <BOOTLOADERS>
• Clipboard: CopyQ -> clipmenu -> snippy -> xclip / XSel
• Compositing Window Manager: Compiz -> Compton -> Xcompmgr
• Cursor: keynav, GPM
• Desktop Character: Kawari + Ninix-aya (for Ukagaka) -> Gnome KiSS -> Oneko -> xevilteddy -> Xteddy
• Display Color Temperature: Redshift -> sct
• Display Settings: DDCcontrol, xrandr
• Graphical Settings: Wpgtk -> LxAppearance -> GSettings -> xsettings
• Keybinding: Xbindkeys -> sxhkd -> loadkeys (+ keymaps)
• Keyboard Layout: XKB -> xmodmap -> loadkeys (+ keymaps)
• Login Manager: SLiM -> Qingy
• Macro Recorder: Autokey -> Sikuli -> Easystroke -> xdotool -> GNU Xnee
• Nested Display: Xephyr -> Xnest
• Notification Daemon: dunst -> slstatus
• Notification Server: Libcanberra + Libnotify -> xmessage
• Panel: Avant Window Navigator -> Global Menu -> Tint2
• Screensaver: XScreenSaver -> XLockmore -> i3lock -> sxlock -> slock
• Status Bar Client: Dzen -> bevelbar -> Lemonbar
• Status Bar Server: monky -> i3status
• Animated Wallpaper Changer: Xphoon, xfireworks, Xsnow, xmountains, Xplanet, ImageMagick (animate)
• Still Wallpaper Changer: FEH -> hsetroot -> imagemagick (but use 10MB more RAM than the others)
• Terminal As Wallpaper: root-tail -> xrootconsole
• Video Wallpaper Changer: mpv -> VLC (nvlc) -> MPlayer
• Window Manager: FVWM (+ FvwmTabs and 4dwm theme) -> IceWM -> i3 -> s3d (+ s3dfm, it's a 3D desktop!) -> Amiwm -> MWM -> Ratpoison -> dwm (+ dwmstatus) -> FrankenWM -> TinyWM -> Twin -> VWM
• Window Manipulation: QuickTile -> wmctrl -> wmutils
• Worskpace Pager: 3D-Desktop -> Skippy-XD
• X Event Display: xprop -> xwininfo -> xev